A review on the Ecological Quality Status assessment in aquatic systems using community based indicators and ecotoxicological tools: What might be the added value of their combination?
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Martinez-Haro, M. (Mónica); Beiras, R. (Ricardo); Bellas, J. (Juan); Capela, R. (Ricardo); Coelho, J.P. (João Pedro); Lopes, I. (Isabel); Moreira-Santos, M. (Matilde); Reis-Henriques, A.M. (Armanda Maria); Ribeiro, R. (Rui); Santos, M.M. (M. Miguel); Marques, J.C. (João Carlos)Date
2015Type
research articleKeywords
calidad del aguaíndices ecológicos
bioensayos
biomarcadores
Directiva Marco del Agua
Abstract
The European Water Framework Directive (WFD) represents a transformation of the guidelines for water quality assessment and monitoring across all EU Member States. At present, it is widely accepted that the WFD requires holistic and multidisciplinary ecological approaches by integrating multiple lines of evidence. Within the scope of the WFD, the scientific community identified clear opportunities to take advantage of an ecotoxicological line of evidence. In this context, ecotoxicological tools, namely biomarkers and bioassays, were proposed to contribute to the integration of the chemical and biological indicators, and thus to provide an overall insight into the quality of a water body. More than one decade after the publication of the WFD, we reviewed the studies that have attempted to integrate ecotoxicological tools in the assessment of surface water bodies. For this purpose, we reviewed studies providing an ecological water status assessment through more conventional community based ...